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<h1 id="chap-platform-notes">Platform Notes</h1>
<h2 id="sec-darwin">Darwin (macOS)</h2>
<p>Some common issues when packaging software for Darwin:</p>
<ul>
<li>The Darwin <code>stdenv</code> uses clang instead of gcc. When referring to the compiler <code>$CC</code> or <code>cc</code> will work in both cases. Some builds hardcode gcc/g++ in their build scripts, that can usually be fixed with using something like <code>makeFlags = [ "CC=cc" ];</code> or by patching the build scripts.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>stdenv<span class="o">.</span>mkDerivation <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo-1.2.3&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="ss">buildPhase</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> $CC -o hello hello.c</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>On Darwin, libraries are linked using absolute paths, libraries are resolved by their <code>install_name</code> at link time. Sometimes packages wont set this correctly causing the library lookups to fail at runtime. This can be fixed by adding extra linker flags or by running <code>install_name_tool -id</code> during the <code>fixupPhase</code>.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>stdenv<span class="o">.</span>mkDerivation <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo-1.2.3&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="ss">makeFlags</span> <span class="o">=</span> lib<span class="o">.</span>optional stdenv<span class="o">.</span>isDarwin <span class="s2">&quot;LDFLAGS=-Wl,-install_name,$(out)/lib/libfoo.dylib&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>Even if the libraries are linked using absolute paths and resolved via their <code>install_name</code> correctly, tests can sometimes fail to run binaries. This happens because the <code>checkPhase</code> runs before the libraries are installed.</li>
</ul>
<p>This can usually be solved by running the tests after the <code>installPhase</code> or alternatively by using <code>DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH</code>. More information about this variable can be found in the <em>dyld(1)</em> manpage.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>dyld: Library not loaded: /nix/store/7hnmbscpayxzxrixrgxvvlifzlxdsdir-jq-1.5-lib/lib/libjq.1.dylib
Referenced from: /private/tmp/nix-build-jq-1.5.drv-0/jq-1.5/tests/../jq
Reason: image not found
./tests/jqtest: line 5: 75779 Abort trap: 6
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>stdenv<span class="o">.</span>mkDerivation <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo-1.2.3&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="ss">doInstallCheck</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">installCheckTarget</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;check&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>Some packages assume xcode is available and use <code>xcrun</code> to resolve build tools like <code>clang</code>, etc. This causes errors like <code>xcode-select: error: no developer tools were found at '/Applications/Xcode.app'</code> while the build doesnt actually depend on xcode.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>stdenv<span class="o">.</span>mkDerivation <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo-1.2.3&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
<span class="ss">prePatch</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> substituteInPlace Makefile \</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> --replace-fail &#39;/usr/bin/xcrun clang&#39; clang</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>The package <code>xcbuild</code> can be used to build projects that really depend on Xcode. However, this replacement is not 100% compatible with Xcode and can occasionally cause issues.</p>
<ul>
<li>x86_64-darwin uses the 10.12 SDK by default, but some software is not compatible with that version of the SDK. In that case,
the 11.0 SDK used by aarch64-darwin is available for use on x86_64-darwin. To use it, reference <code>apple_sdk_11_0</code> instead of
<code>apple_sdk</code> in your derivation and use <code>pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.callPackage</code> instead of <code>pkgs.callPackage</code>. On Linux, this will
have the same effect as <code>pkgs.callPackage</code>, so you can use <code>pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.callPackage</code> regardless of platform.</li>
</ul>
</article>
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