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|
||
|
||
<a href="../../../Aux/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Aux
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../../Lix/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Lix
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../../NixOS/appstream/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
NixOS
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Nixpkgs
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_6" id="__nav_6_label" tabindex="">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
Nixpkgs
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../options/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Options
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Build-Helpers/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Build Helpers
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Development/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Development
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Functions/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Functions
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Hooks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Hooks
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6_7" checked>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Languages And Frameworks
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_6_7" id="__nav_6_7_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_7_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6_7">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
Languages And Frameworks
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../agda.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Agda
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../android.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Android
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../beam.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
BEAM Languages (Erlang, Elixir & LFE)
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../bower.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Bower
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../chicken.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
CHICKEN
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../coq.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Coq and coq packages
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../crystal.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Crystal
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../cuda.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
CUDA
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../cuelang.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Cue (Cuelang)
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../dart.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Dart
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../dhall.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Dhall
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../dlang.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
D (Dlang)
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../dotnet.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Dotnet
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../emscripten.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Emscripten
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../gnome.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
GNOME
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../go.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Go
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../gradle.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Gradle
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../hare.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Hare
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../haskell.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Haskell
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../hy.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Hy
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../idris.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Idris
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../idris2.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Idris2
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../ios.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
iOS
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../java.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Java
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../javascript.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Javascript
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../julia.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Julia
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../lisp.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
lisp-modules
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../lua.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Lua
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../maven.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Maven
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../nim.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Nim
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../ocaml.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
OCaml
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../octave.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Octave
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Perl
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Perl
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
Table of contents
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-running" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Running Perl programs on the shell
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-packaging" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Packaging Perl programs
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Packaging Perl programs">
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-generation-from-CPAN" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Generation from CPAN
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-cross-compilation" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Cross-compiling modules
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../php.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
PHP
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../pkg-config.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
pkg-config
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../python.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Python
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../qt.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Qt
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../r.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
R
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../ruby.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Ruby
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../rust.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Rust
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../scheme.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Scheme
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../swift.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Swift
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../texlive.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
TeX Live
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../titanium.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Titanium
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../vim.section/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Vim
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
<a href="../../Library-Reference/asserts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Library Reference
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</li>
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<a href="../../Module-System/module-system.chapter/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Module System
|
||
</span>
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
||
</a>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Packages/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Packages
|
||
</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
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</a>
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Standard-Environment/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Standard Environment
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
</li>
|
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||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--pruned md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="../../Using-Nixpkgs/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Using Nixpkgs
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
|
||
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
|
||
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
Table of contents
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-running" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Running Perl programs on the shell
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-packaging" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Packaging Perl programs
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
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|
||
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Packaging Perl programs">
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-generation-from-CPAN" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Generation from CPAN
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#ssec-perl-cross-compilation" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
Cross-compiling modules
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
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|
||
</nav>
|
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</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
|
||
<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h1 id="sec-language-perl">Perl</h1>
|
||
<h2 id="ssec-perl-running">Running Perl programs on the shell</h2>
|
||
<p>When executing a Perl script, it is possible you get an error such as <code>./myscript.pl: bad interpreter: /usr/bin/perl: no such file or directory</code>. This happens when the script expects Perl to be installed at <code>/usr/bin/perl</code>, which is not the case when using Perl from nixpkgs. You can fix the script by changing the first line to:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env perl</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>to take the Perl installation from the <code>PATH</code> environment variable, or invoke Perl directly with:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ perl ./myscript.pl
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>When the script is using a Perl library that is not installed globally, you might get an error such as <code>Can't locate DB_File.pm in @INC (you may need to install the DB_File module)</code>. In that case, you can use <code>nix-shell</code> to start an ad-hoc shell with that library installed, for instance:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ nix-shell -p perl perlPackages.DBFile --run ./myscript.pl
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>If you are always using the script in places where <code>nix-shell</code> is available, you can embed the <code>nix-shell</code> invocation in the shebang like this:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env nix-shell</span>
|
||
<span class="c1">#! nix-shell -i perl -p perl perlPackages.DBFile</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<h2 id="ssec-perl-packaging">Packaging Perl programs</h2>
|
||
<p>Nixpkgs provides a function <code>buildPerlPackage</code>, a generic package builder function for any Perl package that has a standard <code>Makefile.PL</code>. It’s implemented in <a href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/development/perl-modules/generic">pkgs/development/perl-modules/generic</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>Perl packages from CPAN are defined in <a href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/top-level/perl-packages.nix">pkgs/top-level/perl-packages.nix</a> rather than <code>pkgs/all-packages.nix</code>. Most Perl packages are so straight-forward to build that they are defined here directly, rather than having a separate function for each package called from <code>perl-packages.nix</code>. However, more complicated packages should be put in a separate file, typically in <code>pkgs/development/perl-modules</code>. Here is an example of the former:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">ClassC3</span> <span class="o">=</span> buildPerlPackage <span class="k">rec</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">pname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Class-C3"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"0.21"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">src</span> <span class="o">=</span> fetchurl <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"mirror://cpan/authors/id/F/FL/FLORA/</span><span class="si">${</span>pname<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">-</span><span class="si">${</span>version<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"sha256-/5GE5xHT0uYGOQxroqj6LMU7CtKn2s6vMVoSXxL4iK4="</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>Note the use of <code>mirror://cpan/</code>, and the <code>pname</code> and <code>version</code> in the URL definition to ensure that the <code>pname</code> attribute is consistent with the source that we’re actually downloading. Perl packages are made available in <code>all-packages.nix</code> through the variable <code>perlPackages</code>. For instance, if you have a package that needs <code>ClassC3</code>, you would typically write</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">import</span> <span class="l">../path/to/foo.nix</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="k">inherit</span> stdenv fetchurl <span class="cm">/* ... */</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">inherit</span> <span class="p">(</span>perlPackages<span class="p">)</span> ClassC3<span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>in <code>all-packages.nix</code>. You can test building a Perl package as follows:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ nix-build -A perlPackages.ClassC3
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>To install it with <code>nix-env</code> instead: <code>nix-env -f. -iA perlPackages.ClassC3</code>.</p>
|
||
<p>So what does <code>buildPerlPackage</code> do? It does the following:</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>In the configure phase, it calls <code>perl Makefile.PL</code> to generate a Makefile. You can set the variable <code>makeMakerFlags</code> to pass flags to <code>Makefile.PL</code></li>
|
||
<li>It adds the contents of the <code>PERL5LIB</code> environment variable to <code>.../bin/perl</code> line of Perl scripts as <code>-Idir</code> flags. This ensures that a script can find its dependencies. (This can cause this shebang line to become too long for Darwin to handle; see the note below.)</li>
|
||
<li>In the fixup phase, it writes the propagated build inputs (<code>propagatedBuildInputs</code>) to the file <code>$out/nix-support/propagated-user-env-packages</code>. <code>nix-env</code> recursively installs all packages listed in this file when you install a package that has it. This ensures that a Perl package can find its dependencies.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p><code>buildPerlPackage</code> is built on top of <code>stdenv</code>, so everything can be customised in the usual way. For instance, the <code>BerkeleyDB</code> module has a <code>preConfigure</code> hook to generate a configuration file used by <code>Makefile.PL</code>:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span> buildPerlPackage<span class="p">,</span> fetchurl<span class="p">,</span> db <span class="p">}:</span>
|
||
|
||
buildPerlPackage <span class="k">rec</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">pname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"BerkeleyDB"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"0.36"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="ss">src</span> <span class="o">=</span> fetchurl <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"mirror://cpan/authors/id/P/PM/PMQS/</span><span class="si">${</span>pname<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">-</span><span class="si">${</span>version<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"sha256-4Y+HGgGQqcOfdiKcFIyMrWBEccVNVAMDBWZlFTMorh8="</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="ss">preConfigure</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">''</span>
|
||
<span class="s s-Multiline"> echo "LIB = </span><span class="si">${</span>db<span class="o">.</span>out<span class="si">}</span><span class="s s-Multiline">/lib" > config.in</span>
|
||
<span class="s s-Multiline"> echo "INCLUDE = </span><span class="si">${</span>db<span class="o">.</span>dev<span class="si">}</span><span class="s s-Multiline">/include" >> config.in</span>
|
||
<span class="s s-Multiline"> ''</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>Dependencies on other Perl packages can be specified in the <code>buildInputs</code> and <code>propagatedBuildInputs</code> attributes. If something is exclusively a build-time dependency, use <code>buildInputs</code>; if it’s (also) a runtime dependency, use <code>propagatedBuildInputs</code>. For instance, this builds a Perl module that has runtime dependencies on a bunch of other modules:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">ClassC3Componentised</span> <span class="o">=</span> buildPerlPackage <span class="k">rec</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">pname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Class-C3-Componentised"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"1.0004"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">src</span> <span class="o">=</span> fetchurl <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"mirror://cpan/authors/id/A/AS/ASH/</span><span class="si">${</span>pname<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">-</span><span class="si">${</span>version<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"sha256-ASO9rV/FzJYZ0BH572Fxm2ZrFLMZLFATJng1NuU4FHc="</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">propagatedBuildInputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
|
||
ClassC3 ClassInspector TestException MROCompat
|
||
<span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>On Darwin, if a script has too many <code>-Idir</code> flags in its first line (its “shebang line”), it will not run. This can be worked around by calling the <code>shortenPerlShebang</code> function from the <code>postInstall</code> phase:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span> lib<span class="p">,</span> stdenv<span class="p">,</span> buildPerlPackage<span class="p">,</span> fetchurl<span class="p">,</span> shortenPerlShebang <span class="p">}:</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">ImageExifTool</span> <span class="o">=</span> buildPerlPackage <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">pname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Image-ExifTool"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"12.50"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="ss">src</span> <span class="o">=</span> fetchurl <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"https://exiftool.org/</span><span class="si">${</span>pname<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">-</span><span class="si">${</span>version<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"sha256-vOhB/FwQMC8PPvdnjDvxRpU6jAZcC6GMQfc0AH4uwKg="</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="ss">nativeBuildInputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> lib<span class="o">.</span>optional stdenv<span class="o">.</span>isDarwin shortenPerlShebang<span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="ss">postInstall</span> <span class="o">=</span> lib<span class="o">.</span>optionalString stdenv<span class="o">.</span>isDarwin <span class="s s-Multiline">''</span>
|
||
<span class="s s-Multiline"> shortenPerlShebang $out/bin/exiftool</span>
|
||
<span class="s s-Multiline"> ''</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>This will remove the <code>-I</code> flags from the shebang line, rewrite them in the <code>use lib</code> form, and put them on the next line instead. This function can be given any number of Perl scripts as arguments; it will modify them in-place.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="ssec-generation-from-CPAN">Generation from CPAN</h3>
|
||
<p>Nix expressions for Perl packages can be generated (almost) automatically from CPAN. This is done by the program <code>nix-generate-from-cpan</code>, which can be installed as follows:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ nix-env -f "<nixpkgs>" -iA nix-generate-from-cpan
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>Substitute <code><nixpkgs></code> by the path of a nixpkgs clone to use the latest version.</p>
|
||
<p>This program takes a Perl module name, looks it up on CPAN, fetches and unpacks the corresponding package, and prints a Nix expression on standard output. For example:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>$ nix-generate-from-cpan XML::Simple
|
||
XMLSimple = buildPerlPackage rec {
|
||
pname = "XML-Simple";
|
||
version = "2.22";
|
||
src = fetchurl {
|
||
url = "mirror://cpan/authors/id/G/GR/GRANTM/XML-Simple-2.22.tar.gz";
|
||
hash = "sha256-uUUO8i6pZErl1q2ghtxDAPoQW+BQogMOvU79KMGY60k=";
|
||
};
|
||
propagatedBuildInputs = [ XMLNamespaceSupport XMLSAX XMLSAXExpat ];
|
||
meta = {
|
||
description = "API for simple XML files";
|
||
license = with lib.licenses; [ artistic1 gpl1Plus ];
|
||
};
|
||
};
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>The output can be pasted into <code>pkgs/top-level/perl-packages.nix</code> or wherever else you need it.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="ssec-perl-cross-compilation">Cross-compiling modules</h3>
|
||
<p>Nixpkgs has experimental support for cross-compiling Perl modules. In many cases, it will just work out of the box, even for modules with native extensions. Sometimes, however, the Makefile.PL for a module may (indirectly) import a native module. In that case, you will need to make a stub for that module that will satisfy the Makefile.PL and install it into <code>lib/perl5/site_perl/cross_perl/${perl.version}</code>. See the <code>postInstall</code> for <code>DBI</code> for an example.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</article>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script>
|
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|
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|
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