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<h1 id="chap-testers">Testers</h1>
<p>This chapter describes several testing builders which are available in the <code>testers</code> namespace.</p>
<h2 id="tester-hasPkgConfigModules"><code>hasPkgConfigModules</code></h2>
<!-- Old anchor name so links still work -->
<p>[]{#tester-hasPkgConfigModule}
Checks whether a package exposes a given list of <code>pkg-config</code> modules.
If the <code>moduleNames</code> argument is omitted, <code>hasPkgConfigModules</code> will use <code>meta.pkgConfigModules</code>.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check that <code>pkg-config</code> modules are exposed using default values</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
passthru<span class="o">.</span>tests<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">pkg-config</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>hasPkgConfigModules <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">package</span> <span class="o">=</span> finalAttrs<span class="o">.</span>finalPackage<span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
meta<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">pkgConfigModules</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo&quot;</span> <span class="p">];</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check that <code>pkg-config</code> modules are exposed using explicit module names</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
passthru<span class="o">.</span>tests<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">pkg-config</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>hasPkgConfigModules <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">package</span> <span class="o">=</span> finalAttrs<span class="o">.</span>finalPackage<span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">moduleNames</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="s2">&quot;libfoo&quot;</span> <span class="p">];</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-lycheeLinkCheck"><code>lycheeLinkCheck</code></h2>
<p>Check a packaged static site's links with the <a href="https://search.nixos.org/packages?show=lychee&amp;type=packages&amp;query=lychee"><code>lychee</code> package</a>.</p>
<p>You may use Nix to reproducibly build static websites, such as for software documentation.
Some packages will install documentation in their <code>out</code> or <code>doc</code> outputs, or maybe you have dedicated package where you've made your static site reproducible by running a generator, such as <a href="https://gohugo.io/">Hugo</a> or <a href="https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/">mdBook</a>, in a derivation.</p>
<p>If you have a static site that can be built with Nix, you can use <code>lycheeLinkCheck</code> to check that the hyperlinks in your site are correct, and do so as part of your Nix workflow and CI.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check hyperlinks in the <code>nix</code> documentation</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>testers<span class="o">.</span>lycheeLinkCheck <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">site</span> <span class="o">=</span> nix<span class="o">.</span>doc <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;/share/doc/nix/manual&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h3 id="tester-lycheeLinkCheck-return">Return value</h3>
<p>This tester produces a package that does not produce useful outputs, but only succeeds if the hyperlinks in your site are correct. The build log will list the broken links.</p>
<p>It has two modes:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Build the returned derivation; its build process will check that internal hyperlinks are correct. This runs in the sandbox, so it will not check external hyperlinks, but it is quick and reliable.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Invoke the <code>.online</code> attribute with <a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/command-ref/new-cli/nix3-run"><code>nix run</code></a> (<a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/contributing/experimental-features#xp-feature-nix-command">experimental</a>). This runs outside the sandbox, and checks that both internal and external hyperlinks are correct.
Example:</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>nix<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>nixpkgs#lychee.tests.ok.online
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="tester-lycheeLinkCheck-inputs">Inputs</h3>
<p><code>site</code> (path or derivation) {#tester-lycheeLinkCheck-param-site}</p>
<p>: The path to the files to check.</p>
<p><code>remap</code> (attribe set, optional) {#tester-lycheeLinkCheck-param-remap}</p>
<p>: An attribute set where the attribute names are regular expressions.
The values should be strings, derivations, or path values.</p>
<p>In the returned check's default configuration, external URLs are only checked when you run the <code>.online</code> attribute.</p>
<p>By adding remappings, you can check offline that URLs to external resources are correct, by providing a stand-in from the file system.</p>
<p>Before checking the existence of a URL, the regular expressions are matched and replaced by their corresponding values.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">&quot;https://nix</span><span class="se">\\</span><span class="s2">.dev/manual/nix/[a-z0-9.-]*&quot;</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span>nix<span class="o">.</span>doc<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/share/doc/nix/manual&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="s2">&quot;https://nixos</span><span class="se">\\</span><span class="s2">.org/manual/nix/(un)?stable&quot;</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span>emptyDirectory<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/placeholder-to-disallow-old-nix-docs-urls&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Store paths in the attribute values are automatically prefixed with <code>file://</code>, because lychee requires this for paths in the file system.
If this is a problem, or if you need to control the order in which replacements are performed, use <code>extraConfig.remap</code> instead.</p>
<p><code>extraConfig</code> (attribute set) {#tester-lycheeLinkCheck-param-extraConfig}</p>
<p>: Extra configuration to pass to <code>lychee</code> in its <a href="https://github.com/lycheeverse/lychee/blob/master/lychee.example.toml">configuration file</a>.
It is automatically <a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-settings-nix-representable">translated</a> to TOML.</p>
<p>Example: <code>{ "include_verbatim" = true; }</code></p>
<p><code>lychee</code> (derivation, optional) {#tester-lycheeLinkCheck-param-lychee}</p>
<p>: The <code>lychee</code> package to use.</p>
<h2 id="tester-testVersion"><code>testVersion</code></h2>
<p>Checks that the output from running a command contains the specified version string in it as a whole word.</p>
<p>NOTE: In most cases, <a href="#versioncheckhook"><code>versionCheckHook</code></a> should be preferred, but this function is provided and documented here anyway. The motivation for adding either tests would be:</p>
<ul>
<li>Catch dynamic linking errors and such and missing environment variables that should be added by wrapping.</li>
<li>Probable protection against accidentally building the wrong version, for example when using an "old" hash in a fixed-output derivation.</li>
</ul>
<p>By default, the command to be run will be inferred from the given <code>package</code> attribute:
it will check <code>meta.mainProgram</code> first, and fall back to <code>pname</code> or <code>name</code>.
The default argument to the command is <code>--version</code>, and the version to be checked will be inferred from the given <code>package</code> attribute as well.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check a program version using all the default values</p>
<p>This example will run the command <code>hello --version</code>, and then check that the version of the <code>hello</code> package is in the output of the command.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
passthru<span class="o">.</span>tests<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>testVersion <span class="p">{</span> <span class="ss">package</span> <span class="o">=</span> hello<span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check the program version using a specified command and expected version string</p>
<p>This example will run the command <code>leetcode -V</code>, and then check that <code>leetcode 0.4.2</code> is in the output of the command as a whole word (separated by whitespaces).
This means that an output like "leetcode 0.4.21" would fail the tests, and an output like "You're running leetcode 0.4.2" would pass the tests.</p>
<p>A common usage of the <code>version</code> attribute is to specify <code>version = "v${version}"</code>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;0.4.2&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
passthru<span class="o">.</span>tests<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>testVersion <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">package</span> <span class="o">=</span> leetcode-cli<span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">command</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;leetcode -V&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;leetcode </span><span class="si">${</span>version<span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-testBuildFailure"><code>testBuildFailure</code></h2>
<p>Make sure that a build does not succeed. This is useful for testing testers.</p>
<p>This returns a derivation with an override on the builder, with the following effects:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fail the build when the original builder succeeds</li>
<li>Move <code>$out</code> to <code>$out/result</code>, if it exists (assuming <code>out</code> is the default output)</li>
<li>Save the build log to <code>$out/testBuildFailure.log</code> (same)</li>
</ul>
<p>While <code>testBuildFailure</code> is designed to keep changes to the original builder's environment to a minimum, some small changes are inevitable:</p>
<ul>
<li>The file <code>$TMPDIR/testBuildFailure.log</code> is present. It should not be deleted.</li>
<li><code>stdout</code> and <code>stderr</code> are a pipe instead of a tty. This could be improved.</li>
<li>One or two extra processes are present in the sandbox during the original builder's execution.</li>
<li>The derivation and output hashes are different, but not unusual.</li>
<li>The derivation includes a dependency on <code>buildPackages.bash</code> and <code>expect-failure.sh</code>, which is built to include a transitive dependency on <code>buildPackages.coreutils</code> and possibly more.
These are not added to <code>PATH</code> or any other environment variable, so they should be hard to observe.</li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check that a build fails, and verify the changes made during build</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>runCommand <span class="s2">&quot;example&quot;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">failed</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>testBuildFailure <span class="p">(</span>runCommand <span class="s2">&quot;fail&quot;</span> <span class="p">{}</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> echo ok-ish &gt;$out</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> echo failing though</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> exit 3</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> grep -F &#39;ok-ish&#39; $failed/result</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> grep -F &#39;failing though&#39; $failed/testBuildFailure.log</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> [[ 3 = $(cat $failed/testBuildFailure.exit) ]]</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> touch $out</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-testEqualContents"><code>testEqualContents</code></h2>
<p>Check that two paths have the same contents.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check that two paths have the same contents</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>testers<span class="o">.</span>testEqualContents <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">assertion</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;sed -e performs replacement&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> writeText <span class="s2">&quot;expected&quot;</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> foo baz baz</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">actual</span> <span class="o">=</span> runCommand <span class="s2">&quot;actual&quot;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1"># not really necessary for a package that&#39;s in stdenv</span>
<span class="ss">nativeBuildInputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> gnused <span class="p">];</span>
<span class="ss">base</span> <span class="o">=</span> writeText <span class="s2">&quot;base&quot;</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> foo bar baz</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> sed -e &#39;s/bar/baz/g&#39; $base &gt;$out</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-testEqualDerivation"><code>testEqualDerivation</code></h2>
<p>Checks that two packages produce the exact same build instructions.</p>
<p>This can be used to make sure that a certain difference of configuration, such as the presence of an overlay does not cause a cache miss.</p>
<p>When the derivations are equal, the return value is an empty file.
Otherwise, the build log explains the difference via <code>nix-diff</code>.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Check that two packages produce the same derivation</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>testers<span class="o">.</span>testEqualDerivation
<span class="s2">&quot;The hello package must stay the same when enabling checks.&quot;</span>
hello
<span class="p">(</span>hello<span class="o">.</span>overrideAttrs<span class="p">(</span>o<span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="ss">doCheck</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">true</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}))</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-invalidateFetcherByDrvHash"><code>invalidateFetcherByDrvHash</code></h2>
<p>Use the derivation hash to invalidate the output via name, for testing.</p>
<p>Type: <code>(a@{ name, ... } -&gt; Derivation) -&gt; a -&gt; Derivation</code></p>
<p>Normally, fixed output derivations can and should be cached by their output hash only, but for testing we want to re-fetch everytime the fetcher changes.</p>
<p>Changes to the fetcher become apparent in the drvPath, which is a hash of how to fetch, rather than a fixed store path.
By inserting this hash into the name, we can make sure to re-run the fetcher every time the fetcher changes.</p>
<p>This relies on the assumption that Nix isn't clever enough to reuse its database of local store contents to optimize fetching.</p>
<p>You might notice that the "salted" name derives from the normal invocation, not the final derivation.
<code>invalidateFetcherByDrvHash</code> has to invoke the fetcher function twice:
once to get a derivation hash, and again to produce the final fixed output derivation.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Prevent nix from reusing the output of a fetcher</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
tests<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">fetchgit</span> <span class="o">=</span> testers<span class="o">.</span>invalidateFetcherByDrvHash fetchgit <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;nix-source&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;https://github.com/NixOS/nix&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">rev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;9d9dbe6ed05854e03811c361a3380e09183f4f4a&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">hash</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;sha256-7DszvbCNTjpzGRmpIVAWXk20P0/XTrWZ79KSOGLrUWY=&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-runNixOSTest"><code>runNixOSTest</code></h2>
<p>A helper function that behaves exactly like the NixOS <code>runTest</code>, except it also assigns this Nixpkgs package set as the <code>pkgs</code> of the test and makes the <code>nixpkgs.*</code> options read-only.</p>
<p>If your test is part of the Nixpkgs repository, or if you need a more general entrypoint, see <a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-calling-nixos-tests">"Calling a test" in the NixOS manual</a>.</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Run a NixOS test using <code>runNixOSTest</code></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>pkgs<span class="o">.</span>testers<span class="o">.</span>runNixOSTest <span class="p">({</span> lib<span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">...</span> <span class="p">}:</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
nodes<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">machine</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> pkgs<span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">...</span> <span class="p">}:</span> <span class="p">{</span>
environment<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">systemPackages</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> pkgs<span class="o">.</span>hello <span class="p">];</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="ss">testScript</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> machine.succeed(&quot;hello&quot;)</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">})</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="tester-nixosTest"><code>nixosTest</code></h2>
<p>Run a NixOS VM network test using this evaluation of Nixpkgs.</p>
<p>NOTE: This function is primarily for external use. NixOS itself uses <code>make-test-python.nix</code> directly. Packages defined in Nixpkgs <a href="#ssec-nixos-tests-linking">reuse NixOS tests via <code>nixosTests</code>, plural</a>.</p>
<p>It is mostly equivalent to the function <code>import ./make-test-python.nix</code> from the <a href="https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/index.html#sec-nixos-tests">NixOS manual</a>, except that the current application of Nixpkgs (<code>pkgs</code>) will be used, instead of letting NixOS invoke Nixpkgs anew.</p>
<p>If a test machine needs to set NixOS options under <code>nixpkgs</code>, it must set only the <code>nixpkgs.pkgs</code> option.</p>
<h3 id="tester-nixosTest-parameter">Parameter</h3>
<p>A <a href="https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/index.html#sec-nixos-tests">NixOS VM test network</a>, or path to it. Example:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;my-test&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="ss">nodes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="ss">machine1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> lib<span class="p">,</span> pkgs<span class="p">,</span> nodes<span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">...</span> <span class="p">}:</span> <span class="p">{</span>
environment<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">systemPackages</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> pkgs<span class="o">.</span>hello <span class="p">];</span>
services<span class="o">.</span>foo<span class="o">.</span><span class="ss">enable</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="c1"># machine2 = ...;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="ss">testScript</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s s-Multiline">&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> start_all()</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> machine1.wait_for_unit(&quot;foo.service&quot;)</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> machine1.succeed(&quot;hello | foo-send&quot;)</span>
<span class="s s-Multiline"> &#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="tester-nixosTest-result">Result</h3>
<p>A derivation that runs the VM test.</p>
<p>Notable attributes:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>nodes</code>: the evaluated NixOS configurations. Useful for debugging and exploring the configuration.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>driverInteractive</code>: a script that launches an interactive Python session in the context of the <code>testScript</code>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</article>
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